01 Bacteria
Cell Wall
![](https://i.imgur.com/rZzYbWw.jpg)
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- Gm +: thicker peptidoglycan cell wall, take up stain
- Gm -: outer membrane unique
Peptidoglycan
![](https://i.imgur.com/2Gjobjp.jpg)
.
![](https://i.imgur.com/QDYgeDn.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/mjbHEJy.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/0BMKNMM.jpg)
Unique Cell Wall
![](https://i.imgur.com/WKvLl0b.jpg)
Cell Membrane
ECT and oxidative phosphorylation in bacteria happens here. Contains enzymes and carrier molecules.
Gm positive membrane
![](https://i.imgur.com/4RSIlqU.jpg)
Gm negative membrane
![](https://i.imgur.com/JJ56ilC.jpg)
- Periplasm also contains peptidoglycan
![](https://i.imgur.com/Qsy4IBw.jpg)
- Pts very very sick with gram negative bacteria
LPS
- on outer membrane of gm -
![](https://i.imgur.com/9WijVJP.jpg)
- Lipid A makes patients sick
Capsules
![](https://i.imgur.com/SFmr9R7.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/TRUtu90.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/9SrMf3E.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/jxRdUSA.jpg)
Quellung reaction
![](https://i.imgur.com/EDX4tJg.jpg)
Immune reaction against capsules
![](https://i.imgur.com/3tSIrxZ.jpg)
- Capsules resistance to phagocytosis
- opsonin marks for phagocytes
![](https://i.imgur.com/tqtzQC9.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/mqPXjnS.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/tpgVXQm.jpg)
- also sickle cell anemia: functional asplenia
![](https://i.imgur.com/9Gd2itO.jpg)
Glycocalyx
![](https://i.imgur.com/ymzoAGv.jpg)
Pili and fimbria
![](https://i.imgur.com/lfP67fo.jpg)
- Neisseria: recurrent infections
Flagellum
![](https://i.imgur.com/vzuLXPr.jpg)
Plasmids
![](https://i.imgur.com/2AoSBIv.jpg)
Ribosomes
![](https://i.imgur.com/2dUpCVJ.jpg)
Spores
![](https://i.imgur.com/rSKM0SK.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/E7dhWHc.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/Q5vWlvt.jpg)
Shapes
![](https://i.imgur.com/9CRL5cj.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/flERsBy.jpg)
Pleomorphic and obligate intracellular:
![](https://i.imgur.com/szxn1Xi.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/J3O9XW9.jpg)
![](https://i.imgur.com/6AcEpOP.jpg)
Cocci
![](https://i.imgur.com/Q8hizID.jpg)
Rods
![](https://i.imgur.com/vS9vBBs.jpg)
Stains
![](https://i.imgur.com/WNKhESI.jpg)
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- gram +: purple (Positive for Purple)
- gram -: red
![](https://i.imgur.com/Nq5jgKG.jpg)
- Iodine: all cells become purple
- Decolorization: only gram + retain color
![](https://i.imgur.com/PLxpqrP.jpg)
- mycobacteria: acid fasting..
Giemsa
![](https://i.imgur.com/CP5jsDR.jpg)
.
Ziehl-Neelsen
Aka acid fasting.
![](https://i.imgur.com/czJS6oK.jpg)
.
Silver stain
![](https://i.imgur.com/s4YgyxI.jpg)
.
India Ink
![](https://i.imgur.com/kPrTS4d.jpg)
- used for fungi in yeast form
.
![](https://i.imgur.com/g6totPz.jpg)
- actinomyces: long branching, jaw abscess
![](https://i.imgur.com/7N15aL0.jpg)